"coexistence" meaning in All languages combined

See coexistence on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˌkəʊ.ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/, /ˌkəʊ.əɡˈzɪs.təns/ (note: weak vowel merger) Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav [Southern-England] Forms: coexistences [plural], co-existence [alternative], coëxistence [alternative, dated]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Italic *kom Proto-Italic *kom- Latin con- Latin co-lbor. English co- English existence English coexistence From co- + existence. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|co-|existence|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Italic *kom Proto-Italic *kom- Latin con- Latin co-lbor. English co- English existence English coexistence [Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "bringing together", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "with", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "with", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "beside", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "here", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱe", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱóm", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*kom", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*kom-", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "con-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "co-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "lbor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "co-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "existence", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "coexistence", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="coexistence"> From co- + existence. Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} coexistence (countable and uncountable, plural coexistences)
  1. The state of two or more things existing together, usually in a temporal or spatial sense, with or without mutual interaction. Tags: countable, uncountable Derived forms: incoexistence, noncoexistence, peaceful coexistence Related terms: coexist Translations (two or more things existing together): تَعَايُش (taʕāyuš) [masculine] (Arabic), գոյակցություն (goyakcʻutʻyun) (Armenian), համագոյատեւում (hamagoyatewum) (Armenian), birgəyaşayış (Azerbaijani), birgəmövcudluq (Azerbaijani), yanaşı yaşama (Azerbaijani), суіснава́нне (suisnavánnje) [neuter] (Belarusian), съвме́стно съществу́ване (săvméstno săštestvúvane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), съжителство (săžitelstvo) [masculine] (Bulgarian), coexistència [feminine] (Catalan), 兩立 /两立 (liǎnglì) (Chinese Mandarin), 共存 (gòngcún) (Chinese Mandarin), spolubytí [neuter] (Czech), koexistence [feminine] (Czech), sameksistens [common-gender] (Danish), koeksistens [common-gender] (Danish), co-existentie [feminine] (Dutch), kunekzistado (Esperanto), kooseksisteerimine (Estonian), yhteiselo (Finnish), rinnakkaiselo (Finnish), coexistence [feminine] (French), თანაარსებობა (tanaarseboba) (Georgian), Koexistenz [feminine] (German), Zusammenleben [neuter] (German), συνύπαρξη (synýparxi) [feminine] (Greek), דּוּ־קִיּוּם (du-kiyúm) (english: coexistence of two things) [masculine] (Hebrew), सहजीवन (sahjīvan) [masculine] (Hindi), együttélés (Hungarian), koeksistensi (Indonesian), coesistenza [feminine] (Italian), 共存 (kyōzon) (alt: きょうぞん) (Japanese), 공존 (gongjon) (alt: 共存) (Korean), сосуштествување (sosuštestvuvanje) [neuter] (Macedonian), соживот (soživot) [masculine] (Macedonian), коегзистенција (koegzistencija) [feminine] (Macedonian), co-veaghey [masculine] (Manx), sameksistens [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), sameksistens [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), هَمزیستی (hamzisti) (Persian), współistnienie [neuter] (Polish), koegzystencja [feminine] (Polish), coexistência [feminine] (Portuguese), convívio [masculine] (Portuguese), coexistență [feminine] (Romanian), сосуществова́ние (sosuščestvovánije) [neuter] (Russian), совме́стное существова́ние (sovméstnoje suščestvovánije) [neuter] (Russian), коегзистѐнција [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), су̏живот [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), koegzistèncija [Latin, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), sȕživot [Latin, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), koexistencia [feminine] (Slovak), spolužitie [neuter] (Slovak), sobivanje [neuter] (Slovene), sožitje [neuter] (Slovene), coexistencia [feminine] (Spanish), samexistens [common-gender] (Swedish), ҳамзистӣ (hamzisti) (Tajik), співіснува́ння (spivisnuvánnja) [neuter] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-coexistence-en-noun-yDRRk0Yl Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with co-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Manx translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations

Noun [French]

IPA: /kɔ.ɛɡ.zis.tɑ̃s/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav [Canada] (note: Shawinigan) Forms: coexistences [plural]
Etymology: From co- + existence. Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:af|co-|existence}}, {{af|fr|co-|existence}} co- + existence Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} coexistence f (plural coexistences)
  1. coexistence Tags: feminine Related terms: coexister

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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          "word": "incoexistence"
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          "ref": "2023 June 17, Tom Perkins, “‘A sense of betrayal’: liberal dismay as Muslim-led US city bans Pride flags”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 10 Aug 2023:",
          "text": "Cadieux agreed peaceful coexistence was possible.",
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          "ref": "2023 October 12, Yuval Noah Harari, “Israelis and Palestinians are facing their moment of greatest danger since 1948”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 23 Mar 2025:",
          "text": "The day of horror Israel has just experienced signals the end of the Netanyahu experiment in violent coexistence.",
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          "ref": "2023 November 12, Sam Jones, “Fresh protests held across Spain over amnesty deal for Catalan separatists”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 26 Dec 2023:",
          "text": "While the PSOE’s leader and caretaker prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, argues that the act of clemency would help promote coexistence after the tumultuous political and territorial crisis of 2017, his opponents have decried the move as a cynical and self-serving means of remaining in power.",
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          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "lang_code": "ar",
          "roman": "taʕāyuš",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
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          "lang": "Armenian",
          "lang_code": "hy",
          "roman": "goyakcʻutʻyun",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "գոյակցություն"
        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "lang_code": "hy",
          "roman": "hamagoyatewum",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "համագոյատեւում"
        },
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          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "lang_code": "az",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "birgəyaşayış"
        },
        {
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "lang_code": "az",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "birgəmövcudluq"
        },
        {
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "lang_code": "az",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "yanaşı yaşama"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "lang_code": "be",
          "roman": "suisnavánnje",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
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          "word": "суіснава́нне"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "săvméstno săštestvúvane",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "съвме́стно съществу́ване"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "săžitelstvo",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
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        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "coexistència"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "liǎnglì",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "兩立 /两立"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "gòngcún",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "共存"
        },
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          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "lang_code": "cs",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "spolubytí"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "lang_code": "cs",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "koexistence"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "lang_code": "da",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "sameksistens"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "lang_code": "da",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "koeksistens"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "co-existentie"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "lang_code": "eo",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "kunekzistado"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "lang_code": "et",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "kooseksisteerimine"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "yhteiselo"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "rinnakkaiselo"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "coexistence"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "tanaarseboba",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "თანაარსებობა"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Koexistenz"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Zusammenleben"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "lang_code": "el",
          "roman": "synýparxi",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "συνύπαρξη"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "english": "coexistence of two things",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "lang_code": "he",
          "roman": "du-kiyúm",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "translation": "coexistence of two things",
          "word": "דּוּ־קִיּוּם"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "lang_code": "hi",
          "roman": "sahjīvan",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "सहजीवन"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "együttélés"
        },
        {
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "lang_code": "id",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "koeksistensi"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "coesistenza"
        },
        {
          "alt": "きょうぞん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "kyōzon",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "共存"
        },
        {
          "alt": "共存",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "lang_code": "ko",
          "roman": "gongjon",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "공존"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "sosuštestvuvanje",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "сосуштествување"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "soživot",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "соживот"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "koegzistencija",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "коегзистенција"
        },
        {
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "lang_code": "gv",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "co-veaghey"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "lang_code": "nb",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sameksistens"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "lang_code": "nn",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sameksistens"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "lang_code": "fa",
          "roman": "hamzisti",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "هَمزیستی"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "współistnienie"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "koegzystencja"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "coexistência"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "convívio"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "coexistență"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "sosuščestvovánije",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "сосуществова́ние"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "sovméstnoje suščestvovánije",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "совме́стное существова́ние"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "коегзистѐнција"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "су̏живот"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "koegzistèncija"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sȕživot"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "lang_code": "sk",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "koexistencia"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "lang_code": "sk",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "spolužitie"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "lang_code": "sl",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "sobivanje"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "lang_code": "sl",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "sožitje"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "coexistencia"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "samexistens"
        },
        {
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "lang_code": "tg",
          "roman": "hamzisti",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "word": "ҳамзистӣ"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "lang_code": "uk",
          "roman": "spivisnuvánnja",
          "sense": "two or more things existing together",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "співіснува́ння"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌkəʊ.ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌkəʊ.əɡˈzɪs.təns/",
      "note": "weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "coexistence"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "co-",
        "4": "existence"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "co-",
        "3": "existence"
      },
      "expansion": "co- + existence",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From co- + existence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coexistences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "coexistence f (plural coexistences)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms prefixed with co-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "coexistence"
      ],
      "id": "en-coexistence-fr-noun-28Qtevd~",
      "links": [
        [
          "coexistence",
          "coexistence#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "coexister"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ.ɛɡ.zis.tɑ̃s/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Shawinigan",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "coexistence"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "incoexistence"
    },
    {
      "word": "noncoexistence"
    },
    {
      "word": "peaceful coexistence"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "co-",
        "4": "existence",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nLatin co-lbor.\nEnglish co-\nEnglish existence\nEnglish coexistence\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bringing together\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"co-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"co-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"existence\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"coexistence\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"coexistence\">\nFrom co- + existence.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nLatin co-lbor.\nEnglish co-\nEnglish existence\nEnglish coexistence\nFrom co- + existence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coexistences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co-existence",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coëxistence",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "dated"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "coexistence (countable and uncountable, plural coexistences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "coexist"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries referencing missing etymons",
        "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
        "English entries with etymology texts",
        "English entries with etymology trees",
        "English entries with etymon",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱe",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
        "English terms prefixed with co-",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Terms with Arabic translations",
        "Terms with Armenian translations",
        "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
        "Terms with Belarusian translations",
        "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Danish translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with Estonian translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Greek translations",
        "Terms with Hebrew translations",
        "Terms with Hindi translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Indonesian translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Macedonian translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Manx translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
        "Terms with Persian translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
        "Terms with Slovak translations",
        "Terms with Slovene translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Tajik translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2023 June 17, Tom Perkins, “‘A sense of betrayal’: liberal dismay as Muslim-led US city bans Pride flags”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 10 Aug 2023:",
          "text": "Cadieux agreed peaceful coexistence was possible.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              101,
              112
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2023 October 12, Yuval Noah Harari, “Israelis and Palestinians are facing their moment of greatest danger since 1948”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 23 Mar 2025:",
          "text": "The day of horror Israel has just experienced signals the end of the Netanyahu experiment in violent coexistence.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              120,
              131
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2023 November 12, Sam Jones, “Fresh protests held across Spain over amnesty deal for Catalan separatists”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 26 Dec 2023:",
          "text": "While the PSOE’s leader and caretaker prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, argues that the act of clemency would help promote coexistence after the tumultuous political and territorial crisis of 2017, his opponents have decried the move as a cynical and self-serving means of remaining in power.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of two or more things existing together, usually in a temporal or spatial sense, with or without mutual interaction."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "exist",
          "exist"
        ],
        [
          "together",
          "together"
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        [
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          "temporal"
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        [
          "spatial",
          "spatial"
        ],
        [
          "mutual",
          "mutual"
        ],
        [
          "interaction",
          "interaction"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌkəʊ.ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌkəʊ.əɡˈzɪs.təns/",
      "note": "weak vowel merger"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-coexistence.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "taʕāyuš",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "تَعَايُش"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "roman": "goyakcʻutʻyun",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "գոյակցություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "roman": "hamagoyatewum",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "համագոյատեւում"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "lang_code": "az",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "birgəyaşayış"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "lang_code": "az",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "birgəmövcudluq"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "lang_code": "az",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "yanaşı yaşama"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "roman": "suisnavánnje",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "суіснава́нне"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "săvméstno săštestvúvane",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "съвме́стно съществу́ване"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "săžitelstvo",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "съжителство"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "coexistència"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "liǎnglì",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "兩立 /两立"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "gòngcún",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "共存"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spolubytí"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "koexistence"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "sameksistens"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "koeksistens"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "co-existentie"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "kunekzistado"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "lang_code": "et",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "kooseksisteerimine"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "yhteiselo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "rinnakkaiselo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "coexistence"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "tanaarseboba",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "თანაარსებობა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Koexistenz"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Zusammenleben"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "synýparxi",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "συνύπαρξη"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "english": "coexistence of two things",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "du-kiyúm",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "translation": "coexistence of two things",
      "word": "דּוּ־קִיּוּם"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "roman": "sahjīvan",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "सहजीवन"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "együttélés"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "koeksistensi"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "coesistenza"
    },
    {
      "alt": "きょうぞん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "kyōzon",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "共存"
    },
    {
      "alt": "共存",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "gongjon",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "공존"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "roman": "sosuštestvuvanje",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "сосуштествување"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "roman": "soživot",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "соживот"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "roman": "koegzistencija",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "коегзистенција"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "lang_code": "gv",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "co-veaghey"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sameksistens"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sameksistens"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "hamzisti",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "هَمزیستی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "współistnienie"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "koegzystencja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "coexistência"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "convívio"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "coexistență"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "sosuščestvovánije",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "сосуществова́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "sovméstnoje suščestvovánije",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "совме́стное существова́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "коегзистѐнција"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "су̏живот"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "koegzistèncija"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sȕživot"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "koexistencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spolužitie"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "lang_code": "sl",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "sobivanje"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "lang_code": "sl",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "sožitje"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "coexistencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "samexistens"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "lang_code": "tg",
      "roman": "hamzisti",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "word": "ҳамзистӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "spivisnuvánnja",
      "sense": "two or more things existing together",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "співіснува́ння"
    }
  ],
  "word": "coexistence"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "co-",
        "4": "existence"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "co-",
        "3": "existence"
      },
      "expansion": "co- + existence",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From co- + existence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "coexistences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "coexistence f (plural coexistences)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "coexister"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 4-syllable words",
        "French countable nouns",
        "French entries referencing missing etymons",
        "French entries with etymon",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French feminine nouns",
        "French lemmas",
        "French nouns",
        "French terms prefixed with co-",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "coexistence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "coexistence",
          "coexistence#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ.ɛɡ.zis.tɑ̃s/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Shawinigan",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-coexistence.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "coexistence"
}

Download raw JSONL data for coexistence meaning in All languages combined (17.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.